Q. Capacitation refers to changes in the :
(a) ovum before fertilization
(b) ovum after fertilization
(c) sperm after fertilization
(d) sperm before fertilization
Solution:
Correct option : D Explanation of the correct option: 1. The phenomenon of sperm activation for fertilization in mammals is known as capacitation. It occurs before the fertilization process. 2. Capacitation is a biochemical process that occurs in the female reproductive tract. 3.Before fertilization, some secretion of the female reproductive tract removes the coating substances on the surface of sperms that are in the acrosome, after removal, the acrosomal site is active and sperm becomes active to penetrate the egg and then fertilization occurs. 4. The capacitation process takes 5 to 6 hours to complete. So, Capacitation refers to changes in sperm before fertilization.